History and Theory of Design – Draft of Precedent Analysis Writing
• Introduction- The Ideal Stadium
o“Sports Stadia are essentially large theatres of entertainment which ought to be as pleasant to visit as a cinema, opera house or play theatre, whilst also being social and architectural landmarks in their towns and cities.” (Stadia John, Sheard, &Vickery 49)
o“Design excellence is achieved in stadia when structure, enclosure and finishes express at all scales…a single concept which functions well, is rich and expressive, and avoids jarring conflicts.” (49)
• Historical Setting
o The domed stadium is the building form in which the race to design horizontally and the race to design vertically are able to collide to create a venue that is large vertically-in order to recreate the feeling of open-air first idealized in Stadia and large horizontally-to maximize profit by expanding the market of people who use the stadium beyond sporting events and into convention space-musical event-hotel-suite- and office space.
•Vertical Vastness- The view of the top of the dome from the On-The Field Perspective
•Historic Horizontal- The view of the front of the dome from the Outside Perspective of the Stadium

• Sound- Effects and Comparison. All below tabs are to be supported with their own deliverables that clearly show the way each factor effects sound maintenance and production in the Lucas Oil stadium.
oDome Shape
•In designing domes soft curves and slopes of the enemy of sound. This means that irregular shapes create many fewer acoustic problems and rectangular or curved ones. Surfaces that are broken up by moldings reflect less sound that flat ones. (Stadia John, Sheard, & Vickery 224)
oDome Height
oAngle of ideal sound projection
oSeating shape
•Overhanging seating layouts have been avoided so avoid the buildup of sound intensity in the seats below the handing tier.
oCatchers within the Stadium
•Halls
•Press boxes
•Tunnels
•The Drum Corps Effect: Music in Motion and Their Stake in the Dome
oComparison of features in the Lucas Oil Dome Specific to Drum and Bugle Corps to other Domes that the Drum and Bugle Corps Competition circuit travel to.
•San Antonio, TX- The Alamodome
•Indianapolis, IN- The RCA Dome
•Atlanta, GA- The Georgia Dome


•What everyone else is talking about: The Retractable Roof Dome
oArchitectural theorists who study focus on the theory behind stadium design suggest three camps to the philosophy of how stadiums can be classified; dominant roof, dominant façade, and dominant structure (Stadia John, Sheard, &Vickery 51). The Lucas Oil Stadium could easily be classified either a dominant façade stadium or a dominant roof stadium.

oComparison to other Retractable Roof Domes (Construction)
•Skydome- Toronto, CA
•Skytent
•Dallas Cowboys Stadium- Dallas, Texas
•Lengthwise retraction
•Millennium Stadium- Cardiff, Wales
•(Stadia John, Sheard & Vickery 281)
•Kukuoka Dome
•Circular retraction

oLucas Oil
•First of its kind -- SuperFrame Structural System
•Unique 2 panel moving roof design -- roof supported on 5 rails
•Gabled roof with peak running north/south down center of field
•176,400 square feet opening area (300’ east/west x 588’ north/south)
•Long, narrow panels “stack” over building and do not overhang or overshadow the building facade
•Operating Mechanism -- cable drum drives mounted to (upper) transporters
•About 9 - 11 minutes opening or closing time

•Other Lucas Oil Stadium Feature Firsts
oThe Indoor Facility- Chambers surrounding the actual field. Financial stability of the stadium is dependant upon the stadiums ability to continually accrue earnings throughout the year. Even with the multiple sports seating configurations that are available in Lucas Oil Stadium, sporting events alone are not able to single handedly pay for the construction and operation of this mammoth venue. The Lucas Oil design team has smartly added many special features that do not directly relate to sporting events.
•Tradeshows can take advantage of an indoor 30,000 square foot loading dock with 11 bays, retractable seating and operable walls to utilize up to 183,000 contiguous square feet of space.
•Conventions may use the stadium for general sessions in a variety of configurations. The twelve backstage meeting rooms plus the 25,000 square foot Exhibition Hall 1 and 18,000 square foot Exhibition Hall 2 may be utilized for additional convention space.
137 luxury suites for lease, including 8 field suites that offer a unique opportunity to see the game up close and personal, as well as 12 super suites. All suites are equipped with leather armchairs, bar stools, elegant furnishings, and flat screen televisions complete with NFL Sunday Ticket and game statistics provided via video network. Inside you will also have the ability to select press, public address, radio, television and auxiliary audio feeds. Seating capacities within the various suites range from 8 -72 guests. Restrooms for suites are conveniently located on each level.
•Both the east and west club lounges lend themselves to host a multitude of events. East and West Club Lounges are each two-level with internal escalators, elevators, and stairs connecting the two levels. With nearly 30,000 square feet in each club lounge, full service bars, upscale concessions, dedicated restrooms, numerous HD flat screen TV’s and video wall, an integrated audio system, and easy access from the main parking lot, the Club Lounges offer a plethora of options!
•Lucas Oil Plaza is located on the north end of street level. It is best suited for banquet style dinners and receptions, finished with a décor to match the buildings namesake, Lucas Oil. It offers access to meeting rooms located on event level via elevator, escalator, and stairs. Lucas Oil Plaza comes outfitted with access to electricity and has a horseshoe shaped stage in the center, which can be used by entertainment or a speaker.

oThe Picture Window Wall
•Placed at the foot of the “picture window”, the Bud Light Zone is located on the north end of Terrace Level and has the best view in the house. It is 12,500 square feet of an incredible view of downtown on one side, and the field on the other.

oThe variety of seating designs for use at sporting events
•Floor plans will be attached for support of the vast changeability as part of the deliverables portion of this Precedent Analysis. Floor Plans for: End zone Mini-Dome Basketball- NCAA Full Facility Basketball- Concert- Tradeshow- Football- and of course Marching Band!

oThe Curtained Backdrop
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Works Cited

Baim, Dean V. The Sports Stadium as a Municipal Investment. Westport, CT : Greenwood Press, 1994.

Hardy, Hugh. Building Type Basics for Performing Arts Facilities. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2006.

Jewell, Don. Public Assembly Facilities Planning and Management. New York : Wiley-Interscience, 1978.

John, Geraint, Rod Sheard, and Ben Vickery. Stadia, a Design and Development Guide. Burlington, MA: Elsevier Limited, 2007.

Petersen, David C. Sports, Convention, and Entertainment Facilities. Washington, D.C.: ULI- the Urban Land Institute, 1996.